Strait of Hormuz Disruptions Reshape Global Trade and Food Security

Ongoing attacks and military tensions in and around the Strait of Hormuz have fundamentally altered global shipping and energy markets, with Gulf states now investing billions in alternative export routes and accepting a permanent Iranian role in managing the waterway. Iran has reportedly demanded a toll of 5-7% per barrel of oil, which analysts describe as extortion, but experts say the strait will never return to its pre-war status quo, with joint management with Oman likely. Meanwhile, the conflict has contributed to soaring Panama Canal fees, as ships pay millions to jump queues amid disruptions, highlighting the fragility of global trade.